Constitutive overexpression of a novel 21 kDa protein by Hodgkin Lymphoma and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas

© 2008 Zhou et al; licensee BioMed Central Ltd. This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution Licens

Regulation of antibiotic production in Actinobacteria: new perspectives from the post-genomic era

The antimicrobial activity of many of their natural products has brought prominence to the Streptomycetaceae, a family of Gram-positive bacteria that inhabit both soil and aquatic sediments. In the natural environment, antimicrobial compounds are likely to limit the growth of competitors, thereby offering a selective advantage to the producer, in particular when nutrients become limited and the developmental programme leading to spores commences. The study of the control of this secondary metabolism continues to offer insights into its integration with a complex lifecycle that takes multiple cues from the environment and primary metabolism. Such information can then be harnessed to devise laboratory screening conditions to discover compounds with new or improved clinical value. Here we provide an update of the review we published in NPR in 2011. Besides providing the essential background, we focus on recent developments in our understanding of the underlying regulatory networks, ecological triggers of natural product biosynthesis, contributions from comparative genomics and approaches to awaken the biosynthesis of otherwise silent or cryptic natural products. In addition, we highlight recent discoveries on the control of antibiotic production in other Actinobacteria, which have gained considerable attention since the start of the genomics revolution. New technologies that have the potential to produce a step change in our understanding of the regulation of secondary metabolism are also described

Histiocytosis masquerading in the mesentery and pleura

We present an atypical presentation of Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD). Due to its overlap with IgG4-related disease (IgG4-RD), this case proved to be a diagnostic dilemma. Our case is an example of the importance of having a broad-based differential and, ultimately, an in-depth histopathological review. Our patient presented with a constellation of symptoms suggestive of an underlying malignancy. He was provisionally diagnosed with peritoneal carcinomatosis of an unknown primary. His initial presentation triggered a series of investigations, surgery and biopsies. Omental biopsy specimens were suggestive of IgG4-RD. Despite appropriate treatment for IgG4-RD, his disease progressed, specifically in the lungs. Pleural biopsies were then collected and assessed alongside the omental biopsies. On review and reassessment, the patient was formally diagnosed with RDD

MOESM2 of Comparative analysis of chemical similarity methods for modular natural products with a hypothetical structure enumeration algorithm

Additional file 2: Fig. S1. Performance of individual chemical similarity methods on hypothetical libraries of linear peptides

MOESM3 of Comparative analysis of chemical similarity methods for modular natural products with a hypothetical structure enumeration algorithm

Additional file 3: Fig. S2. Chemical similarity method performance on hypothetical libraries of linear hybrid natural products with and without starter units. (A) Trends in percentage of correct matches after substitution of a single monomer in a library of hypothetical linear hybrid natural products with starter units. (B) Percentage of correct matches with substitution of the starter unit or one to five non-starter unit monomers

Immunoprecipitation and Western-blot analysis of DEL, KMH2 and L-428 cell lysates

23.1 (Panel A and C) and R24.1 (Panel B and D). Samples were separated on 4–20% Life-gel and transferred onto nitrocellulose membranes. The membranes were then blocked in 5% non-fat dry milk and probed with monoclonal antibody clones R23.1 (Panel A and B) and R24.1 (Panel C and D) followed by goat-anti-mouse IgG-AP. The membranes were developed in BCIP/NBT. A protein band of ~21 KDa as well as IgG light chain were detected in all three lysates examined. Lane 1 contains molecular weights and lanes 2–4 contain Immunoprecipitated samples of DEL, KMH2 and L-428.<p><b>Copyright information:</b></p><p>Taken from "Constitutive overexpression of a novel 21 kDa protein by Hodgkin Lymphoma and Aggressive Non-Hodgkin Lymphomas"</p><p>http://www.molecular-cancer.com/content/7/1/12</p><p>Molecular Cancer 2008;7():12-12.</p><p>Published online 24 Jan 2008</p><p>PMCID:PMC2267462.</p><p></p